The Bliss of Creativity

http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/zika_virus_infection/factsheet-health-professionals/pages/factsheet_health_professionals.aspx

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4758728/

3. Genetic modification of mosquitoes

In their studies from 2013 and 2014 the scientists also refers , that Zika, malaria and dengue trasnmitting mosquitoes are purposefully infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia in laboratories, which means, they are also genetically engineered, not naturally produce mosquitoes

References:

http://www.economist.com/node/161604

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/ciencia_industryweapons125.htm

http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/zika_virus_infection/factsheet-health-professionals/pages/factsheet_health_professionals.aspx

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4758728/

4. Classification, Life Circle, Properties of the geneically modified and Zika carrying mosquiotoes

Mosquitoes inhabit the earth since over millions of years. Meanwhile there are around 3000 kinds of mosqsuitoes on this planet and they have aclimatized themselves best. They can live under antarctic and under tropical weather conditions very well. There are mosquitos, which bite only human beings. There are some from these species, they prefer to attack animals. The Zika and dengue virus breeding mosquitoes are most active in the morning and in the afternoons, according to a official paper about mosquitoes from the state Hawaii. There are two types of Zika and dengue virus transmuting mosquitoes on Hawaii: Aedes aegypti (Yellow Fever Mosquito) and Aedes albopictus (Asian Tiger Mosquito or Forest Day Mosquito.(https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/files/2015/12/dengue-faq-mosquitoes.pdf).

The office of CDA in Florida also identifies two different species of the Aedes mosquitoes, which infect human beings with the Zika Virus. The Aedes eagypti and Aedes albopictus, which belong to the same mosquito species, carry, transmute the Zika virus. Trisha Canlvo from the US Consumer Reports brings up the Culex mosquito as a pathogenic agent of the Zika and West Nile viruses in addition.

https://www.iamat.org/country/indonesia/risk/zika-virus

The life circle of these species is short and subdivide itself in in 4 stages- eggs, larvae, pupae and the adult phase. Scientists differentiate two major life phases of these insects- an aquatic and the terrestrial one. For a better control and prevention of the Zika disease it is relevant to know, that the larvae and the pupae of these Zika carrying mosquitoes need water to live and survive, while they lay there eggs and live in terrestrial zones. Two – three days after a blood- meal has occured, the eggs are completely developed. The pupae needs 2 weeks to turn itself into an adult mosquito Only the adult mosquito bites, respectivelly feeds blood from humans. The eggs are laid many times, not only once, depending of the productivity of the female mosquito.

References:

http://www.cbsnews.com/news/best-bug-sprays-for-fighting-zika/

http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/zika_virus_infection/factsheet-health-professionals/pages/factsheet_health_professionals.aspx

https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/files/2015/12/dengue-faq-mosquitoes.pdf

http://www.denguevirusnet.com/life-cycle-of-aedes-aegypti.html

https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/files/2015/12/dengue-faq-mosquitoes.pdf

https://www.iamat.org/country/indonesia/risk/zika-virus

https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/files/2015/12/dengue-faq-mosquitoes.pdf

5. The Dessimination of the Zika transmitting genetically modified moesquiotes

Zika carrying mosquitoes circulate today in around 100 countries in comparison to 1970, when only 9 countries were inhabited by the same mosquitoes.

Brazil, Mexico, countries from Central America and countries from Asia like Thailand and the

Phillipines are the most affected countries by these parasitic insects. The estimated dessimination of the Zika mosquitoes in the United States of America comprises more than 20 states, which includes Florida, California, Arizona, Texas, Luisianna and even North East lying states like Pennsylvania, Kentucky, New York, New Jercey and Connecticut.

The biggest, epidemic zones of genetically modfied mosquitoes, which carry the Zika virus, are in Brazil, Mexico, Thailand and the Phillipines.

The Zika Virus was found in Uganda at first in 1947 in monkeys according to the World Health Organisation, but this African country is not included as a dessimination zone of Zika carrying mosquitoesanymore. The first cases of Zika Virus on human beings dated from 1952, which were observed in Tanzania. In 1954 Zika virus cases were detected in Nigeria. 2007 occured the first biggest epidemy of Zika virus in Gabon and on the island Yap (?) The largest epidemy of Zika virus was monitored in Brazil in 2015.

References:

http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/active-countries.html

https://www.iamat.org/country/indonesia/risk/zika-virus

http://www.bbc.com/news/health-35427491

http://www.slideshare.net/bonniefernley/session-3-mk-v1

https://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/

http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/zika_virus_infection/zika-outbreak/pages/zika-countries-with-transmission.aspx

http://www.who.int/emergencies/zika-virus/timeline/en/

http://www.who.int/emergencies/zika-virus/situation-report/21-july-2016/en/

6. The genetically modified mosquitoes from the Aedes egypti species are pathogenic agents of the Zika disease.

Many sources report, the genetically modified mosquitoes are infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia. The British company Oxitec mentiones on its website, that up to 60 % of all insects are infected with this bacteria Wolbachia by scientists somehow and somewhen. Thie infection with the bacteria Wolbachia is not a naturalcondition of these insect species. Consequently, it means, these insects were also genetically modified. A specialist from Thailand articlualted in 1998 , the dengue disease is a man made one and the mosquitoes are genetically modified. It is known , that the mosquitoes species, which transmitte the Zika disease, are responsible also for the dengue virus.

Diverse sources refer, the genetically modified male mosquitoes are also infected with the parasitic bacteria Wolbachia. Empirical medical studies have aproved, that the bactria Wolbachia increases, raises the Palsmodium infection in pathogen system, which means this bacteria cobtributes for the outbreak and blossom of the Zika disease implicitly. The Zika disease is a pathogen system and the parasitic bacteria Wolbachia suppport this system to break out.

The empirical medical study fund of Grant L. Hughes , Ana Rivero and Jason L. Resgon verifies , that the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia increases Plasmodiums infections in mosquitoes and their population.

According to the scientists Grant L. Hughes, Ana Rivero and Jason L. Resgon and their empirical study fund from 2014, mosquitoes, which are the vectors of malaria among other plasmodium infections repsectively diseases, were infected with the pathogenic bacterial mediator Wolbachia purposefully in laboratories. Mosquitoes genetically engineered with the bacterial parasite Wolbachia are not natural. The insect parasites, injected with the Wolbachia infection, reproduce themselves more and infect people better with malaria for instance, assert the researchers. The Wolbachia infection in Anopheles is not common . It is an artificial one. It is created in laboratories. Other study from 2011 postulates, “Wolbachia infections are virulent and inhibit the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in Anopheles gambiae”.

(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21625582)

Another empirical research fund from 2013 affirms , “Wolbachia invades Anopheles stephensi populations and induces refractoriness to Plasmodium infection.“

Anopheles mosquitoes (the vectors of human malaria parasites) are not naturally infected by Wolbachia [20], [21], but artificial transfer of this bacterium between species can be accomplished in the laboratory”

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4091933/

An empirical study from 2013 testifies, the bacteria Wolbacia supports and stimulates the erruption of the West Nile Infection in the Culex mosquito.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4091933/

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4091933/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/citedby/

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/08/wolbachia_bacteria_in_aedes_aegypti_mosquitoes_biological_warfare_against.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/our-research/wolbachia

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664976/

http://microbialcell.com/researcharticles/inhibition-of-zika-virus-by-wolbachia-in-aedes-aegypti

http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004182http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2016/08/17/dep-mosquitoes-capable-of-spreading-zika-found-in-3-local-counties/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4091933/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21625582

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4091933/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/citedby/

7. Control and Prevention methodes

There are different control and protection methods, which governmental official reccommend in oder to reduce the population and range of the Zika spreading moosquitoes and to remain healthy. Protective clothin, netting, diverse repellents belong to the protective methods used against the Zika transmitting mosquitoes. Aerial spraying of insecticides and gentic control count as common mosquito control methods.

The Aerial spraying with insecticides in Miami, Florida declared itself as an ascertained effective controlling reductant methode of the population of the Zika carrying mosquitoes, despite the protests of some citizens from Florida.

The genetic control of Zika spreading musquitoes, proposed by the World Health Organization and the British company Oxitec did not reduce the population of the dengue, Zika and malaria carrying mosquitoes. On the contrary, since the free trial respectively the releasing of genetically modified male mosquitoes, infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia, a massive outbreak of the Zika virus can be observed and especially in Brazil.

Some science studies have described, above 40 essential oils could be used against the Zika carrying mosquitoes.The genetic control of these mosquitoes did not reduce the population of them, but de facto increased their population and the number of people, infected with Zika and dengue diseases. The empirical study of Amer and Mehlhorn detected , that 41 plants and 11 essential oil mixtures can be used as natural produced repellents against Aedes aegypti, the malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi and the Culex quinquefasciatus.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16642384

The Netherlands have developed an effective repellent against these dangerous insect species , which can be use also on babies with the aim to prevent mosquitoes bites and the Zika disease . There are diverse repellents against the pathogenic agents of Zika on the US market.

US health officials advice the public, citizens to supply themselves with bug sprays to prevent mosquito bites and viral dieases like Zika and the West Nile Viruses. Trisha Canlvo from the Consumer Reports named three insect repellents like Deet, oil of lemon eucalyptus, and Picaridin which can be use effectivelly against the Aedes and Culex mosquitoes even by pregnant women.

Governmental officials from Florida suggest the utilization of 4 different repellent against the Zika carrying Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes.

The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has iinvented two vaccines, which should prevent the Zika disease in humans.

Usually, medicines and vaccines have to be tested succefully, before they start to be used on citizens. Currently, it can’t be said, if these vaccines are 100 % safe for usage and have no side effects, negative impact on the health of humans.

References:

http://www.cbsnews.com/news/best-bug-sprays-for-fighting-zika/

http://www.floridahealth.gov/diseases-and-conditions/zika-virus/_documents/mos-prevention-qxp-02-16.pdf

http://www.post-gazette.com/news/health/2016/10/03/University-of-Pittsburgh-announces-Zika-vaccine-success-with-mice/stories/201610030144

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16642384

8. Summarization and Conclusions

Zika transmitting mosquitoes have been genetically modified and purposefully infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia in laboratieries. It is not known, when certain scientists started this deadly experiments with these insect parasites, but there are more than enough death cases because of these genetically modification of mosquitoes. The dessimination of these species has increased , especially since 2015 because of the wrongly set up genetic control of these disease transmitting mosqutioes by the World Health Organisation, the British company Oxitec and not well deducated governmental officers and volunteers, who continue to produce and release genetically modified male mosquitoes, which are infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolabachia and contributein this way to the break out of deadly viral diseases like Zika, dengue and malaria. The only effective way to reduce the population of these dangerous mosquitoes is to use aerial spraying on them with insecticides, which are not harmful for humans and to use repellents for body protection, which are based on herbal essential oils.

References:

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/who-backs-trials-of-bacteria-genetic-modification-to-fight-zika-mosquitoes/

http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2016/08/16/birth-defects-brazil-not-zika-virus.aspx

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/04/world/americas/birth-defects-in-brazil-may-be-over-reported-amid-zika-fears.html?_r=0

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/who-backs-trials-of-bacteria-genetic-modification-to-fight-zika-mosquitoes/

Genetically modified mosquitoes are the pathogenic agents of the Zika disease

by Petia Ganeva

Draft 1

1. Introduction

A significant onset of the Zika disease is obeserved around the world especially since 2015. While in 1970 only 9 countries suffered on this incurbale, mosquito transmutted virus, in 2015 already 100 states are plagued by mosquito borne Zika disease. Brazil, Central Ameria (?)and Malasia (?) are mostly) afflicted with the Zika virus. Somehow the non- native Zika carrying blood- .. insects have reached North America. 16 (?) states of the USA are hit by the Aedes aegypti and .. mosquitoes (CDA) , which dissemination is not common for these regions. Aedes aegupti and are ( feel) mostly in triopical …. countries at home. According to the German magazine ” Speigel”, these Zika carrying mosquitoes pose a threat to Europe in the meantime. The Zika virus is a very serious disease , which cause mycl// (?) , a birth of children with small heads and brain damages and there is no cure for this vey devastating plasmpdium infection as reported by governmental officials, doctors and scientiests. Therefore a group of scientists, maily from the British company Oxitec recommended to the FDA to use genetically modified mosquiotes to control resp, to reduce the reporduction of the Aedes aegypti species, which are infected with the patogenic bacteria Wolbachia. Employees from the British Company Oxitec stated in their web site, they do not work with genetically modified mosquitoes, which are infected with the parasitic bacteria Wolbachia. Nevetherless the population and the dissemination of the Zika carrying mosquitoes have increased and reached also north states of the US, where the weather is not ( predrazpoloagaEm 0 for these dangerous mosquitoes. Plenty of free trials were utilized in many contries to reduce the population of these mosquiotes species. Instead of suppressing their population and decreasing the erruption invasion of the Zika dieases, it occured the opposite.

Statistics- …Zika Cases were notified in Brazil, ..were reported in ..

2. The Role of the geneic modified mosquitoes within the Zika disease

Scienties mainly from the British company Oxitec suggested recommended a genetical control of the Zika carrying mosquites. Therefore, they starterd to produce in laboratories genetically modified male mosquitoes and to release them in the areas regions , where Zika carrying mosquitoes live/ circulate/ obitavam, prebvavam, ihabit.

To describe the process of genetical control according to these experts – which use Wolbachia infected mosquitoes , even if they categerocally decline the usage of such genetically modified mosquitoes to “suppress ” the population of the Zika carrying species.

Where and how are does it use this genetic control mostly and is it effective- ?

More Zika carrying mosquitoes circulate in these areas since the release of the genetically modfied male mosquitoes. More cases with Zika infected people are reported since then. Based on these disturbing , but true facts , which should not be ingnored at all, the genetic control ultilized by the British company and farmers in Brazil among others, appointed by governmental institution like the like the FDA in the USA has failed in his purposes to suppress the reproduction and control population of the Zika carrying mosquioto species via a gentical control.

To describe

the free trials, which were recommendend by the British company Oxitec and the FDA, while these governmental institutions unerline, the commecial usage of these genetically modified insects is not approved.

3. Genetic modification of mosquitoes

The British company Oxitec mentiones on its website, that up to 60 % of all insects” are infected with this bacteria bacteria by scientists somehow , somewheen. Thie infection with the bacteria Wolbachia is not a natural state, condition. Consequently, it means , these insects were also genetically modified. A specialist from Thailand articlualted in 1998 , the dengue disease is a man made one and the mosquitoes are genetically modfied. It is known , that the mosquitoes species , which transmute the Zika disease, are responsible also for the dengue virus.

4. Classification, Life Circle, Properties of the geneically modified and Zika carrying mosquiotoes

The Florida CDA identified two different species of the Aedes mosquitoes, the Aedes eagypti and Aedes abo , which carry , infect people with the Zika virus. Trisha Co..from the Consuper Reports brings up, refers the Culex mosquito as a pathogenic agent of the Zika and West Nile viruses too.

5. The Dessimination of the Zika carrying and genetically modified moesquiotes from the Aedes aegypti and .. species

Many sources state,, report the genetically modified mosquitoes are infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia. The British company Oxitec mentiones on its website, that up to 60 % of all insects” are infected with this bacteria bacteria by scientists somehow , somewheen. Thie infection with the bacteria Wolbachia is not a natural state, condition. Consequently, it means , these insects were also genetically modified. A specialist from Thailand articlualted in 1998 , the dengue disease is a man made one and the mosquitoes are genetically modfied. It is known , that the mosquitoes species , which transmute the Zika disease, are responsible also for the dengue virus.

6. The genetically modified mosquitoes from the Aedes egypti species are pathogenic agents of the Zika disease.

Many sources state,, report the genetically modified mosquitoes are infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia. The British company Oxitec mentiones on its website, that up to 60 % of all insects” are infected with this bacteria bacteria by scientists somehow , somewhen. Thie infection with the bacteria Wolbachia is not a natural state, condition. Consequently, it means , these insects were also genetically modified. A specialist from Thailand articlualted in 1998 , the dengue disease is a man made one and the mosquitoes are genetically modfied. It is known , that the mosquitoes species , which transmute the Zika disease, are responsible also for the dengue virus. ( The Economist)

Diverse sources refer, the genetically modified male mosquitoes are also infected with the parasitic bacteria Wolbachia. Several empirical medical studies prove, that the bactria Wolbachia increases, raises the Palsmodium infection in pathogen system, which means this bacteria cobtributes for the outbreak and blossom of the Zika disease implicitly. The Zika disease is a pathogen system and the parasitic bacteria Wolbachia suppport this system to erupt ( to burst, to break out)

to name some of these souces

7. Control and Prevention methodes

Some science surdies have described , above 40 essential oils could be used against the Zika carrying mosquitoes.The genetic control of these mosquitoes does not reduce the population of them, but de facto increase their offspring and the number of the Zika infected people.

Aerial spraying of insecticides in Miami, Florida ascertain itself as an effective control methodeof the population of the Zika carrying mosquitoes , despite the protests of some citizens from Florida.

The Netherlands have developed a repellent against these insect species , which can be use also on babies with the aim to prevent mosquitoes bites. There are repellents with lemon eucalyptus oil made in the USA used for the same purpose.

Two vaccines have been developed against the Zika disease in September (2) 2016. Have been they successfully tested before? Do they have side effects impact on the health of humans?

8. Summarization and Conclusions

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/08/wolbachia_bacteria_in_aedes_aegypti_mosquitoes_biological_warfare_against.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/our-research/wolbachia

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664976/

http://microbialcell.com/researcharticles/inhibition-of-zika-virus-by-wolbachia-in-aedes-aegypti/http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004182http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2016/08/17/dep-mosquitoes-capable-of-spreading-zika-found-in-3-local-counties/

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39. Hughes GL, Samuels SK, Shaikh K, Rasgon JL, Vardo-Zalik AM (2014) Discrimination of the Plasmodium mexicanum vectors Lutzomyia stewarti and Lutzomyia vexator by a PCR-RFLP assay and Wolbachia infection. J Vector Ecol 39: 224–227 [PMC free article] [PubMed]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulhXKoc0WkY

http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004182

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-tiny-bacterium-called-wolbachia-could-defeat-dengue/

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-a-tiny-bacterium-called-wolbachia-could-defeat-dengue/

http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/04/genetically-modified-mosquitoes-zika/479793/

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/08/wolbachia_bacteria_in_aedes_aegypti_mosquitoes_biological_warfare_against.html

https://grandmageri422.me/2016/05/29/zika-virus-caused-by-sinister-bio-engineering-by-nwo-scientists-this-was-no-accident/comment-page-1/

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/08/wolbachia_bacteria_in_aedes_aegypti_mosquitoes_biological_warfare_against.html

http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2016/08/17/dep-mosquitoes-capable-of-spreading-zika-found-in-3-local-counties/

http://www.post-gazette.com/news/health/2016/10/03/University-of-Pittsburgh-announces-Zika-vaccine-success-with-mice/stories/201610030144

http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2016/08/17/dep-mosquitoes-capable-of-spreading-zika-found-in-3-local-counties/

http://wesa.fm/post/experts-say-zika-not-big-risk-pa-ticks-pose-bigger-threat

http://wesa.fm/post/experts-say-zika-not-big-risk-pa-ticks-pose-bigger-threat#stream/0

http://www.kidsburgh.org/what-your-family-needs-to-know-about-zika-virus/

http://www.oxitec.com/programmes/united-states/

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S222116911630291X

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/08/wolbachia_bacteria_in_aedes_aegypti_mosquitoes_biological_warfare_against.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/our-research/wolbachia

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664976/

Introduction:

since 2015 the dissemination of the Zika Disease and the range of the Zika carrying mosquitoes Aedes eagypti have increased globally.

While the Zika disease was present in the 1970 ( which article) only 9 countries distrubuted!!!!, in 2015 already 100 states in the world meldeten Zika Faelle.

There are a massive outbreak of the Zika disease ( Ausbruch) and bigger dessimnation of the Zika carrying mosquitoes since 2015, after the company Oxitec started to release hundreds of thousands genetically modified male mosquitoes, infected with the pathogenic bacteria Wolbachia

… from the Aedes species too.

The Aedes species are non- native in the USA but since 2014 (?) they have populated this country too.

the existence of the mosquitoes Aedes Eagypti- are they all a gentical modification.
The genetically modified mosquitoes carry the virus, resp. the bacteria Wolbachia – accoording to the FDA (? ) I need an official statement

Wolbachia is good to reduce the dengue disease- while it is the opposite

Scientiest, doctors have proven empirical , that the following Wolbachia bacteria ” enhances” the pathogenic Zustand, resp.the disease

to better the content- better expressions, objectivity, no jokes:)

to use images and

diagrams from governmental and academical facilities

Wolbachia are bacteria that only live inside insect cells. This bacterium occurs naturally in up to 60 per cent of all insect species, including butterflies, dragonflies ..- and what about the birds , which eat them?

However, a worrying trend is emerging whereby Wolbachia infections have been demonstrated to enhance rather than suppress pathogens in some systems [12]–[18]. Plasmodium parasites, which are the causal agent of malaria, seem particularly prone to Wolbachia-mediated pathogen enhancement

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

However, a worrying trend is emerging whereby Wolbachia infections have been demonstrated to enhance rather than suppress pathogens in some systems [12]–[18]. Plasmodium parasites, which are the causal agent of malaria, seem particularly prone to Wolbachia-mediated pathogen enhancement

Wolbachia – Eliminate Dengue

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/faqs/index/type/wolbachia

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Wolbachia are bacteria that only live inside insect cells. This bacterium occurs naturally in up to 60 per cent of all insect species, including butterflies, dragonflies …

How a Tiny Bacterium Called Wolbachia Could Defeat Dengue …

https://www.scientificamerican.com/…/how-a-tiny-bacterium-call…

Diese Seite übersetzen

Scientists are fighting dengue fever with the help of Wolbachia, a common bacterium that stops the virus from replicating inside the mosquitoes that transmit the …

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/08/wolbachia_bacteria_in_aedes_aegypti_mosquitoes_biological_warfare_against.html

Zika virus outbreak exactly where genetically modified mosquitoes were released in 2015

http://www.hangthebankers.com/zika-virus-outbreak-genetically-modified-mosquitoes/

Wolbachia Can Enhance Plasmodium Infection in Mosquitoes – NCBI

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › … › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) – Diese Seite übersetzen

von GL Hughes – ‎2014 – ‎Zitiert von: 10 – ‎Ähnliche Artikel

04.09.2014 – Plasmodium parasites, which are the causal agent of malaria, seem particularly prone to Wolbachia-mediated pathogen enhancement …

Wolbachia Can Enhance Plasmodium Infection in Mosquitoes – NCBI

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › … › PubMed Central (PMC) – Μετάφραση αυτής της σελίδας

από GL Hughes – ‎2014 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 10 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

4 Σεπ 2014 – The symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia is an attractive agent for vector-borne pathogen control. It has long been studied for its ability to manipulate …

Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes – NCBI

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187984 – Μετάφραση αυτής της σελίδας

από GL Hughes – ‎2014 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 10 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

PLoS Pathog. 2014 Sep 4;10(9):e1004182. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004182. eCollection 2014. Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes: …

The Impact of Wolbachia on Virus Infection in Mosquitoes – NCBI

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › … › PubMed Central (PMC)

από KN Johnson – ‎2015 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 6 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

4 Νοε 2015 – Wolbachia infection can have a wide range of impacts on insects [9]. ….. enhancementof plasmodium infection in mosquitoes [84,91,92,93].

Wolbachia Enhances West Nile Virus (WNV) Infection in the Mosquito …

journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal…

https://archive.org/details/pubmed-PMC4154766

από BL Dodson – ‎2014 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 40 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

10 Ιουλ 2014 – Hughes GL, Rivero A, Rasgon JL (2014) Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes: Implications for malaria control?

Wolbachia Can Enhance Plasmodium Infection in Mosquitoes …

Wolbachia Can Enhance Plasmodium Infection in Mosquitoes: Implications for Malaria Control? Item Preview. Internet Archive BookReader – Wolbachia Can …

Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes …

search.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-25187984

Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes: implications for malaria … Wolbachia infections are virulent and inhibit the human malaria parasite …

Evidence of natural Wolbachia infections in field populations of …

http://www.nature.com › Nature Communications › Articles

από F Baldini – ‎2014 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 30 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

6 Ιουν 2014 – Experimental Wolbachia infections can reduce Plasmodium numbers in … Malaria-transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes are the deadliest animals on this … (NCBI and SILVA) and from the sequences obtained in this study. ….. The mapping was performed with enhanced sensitivity (score-min L,-1.0,-1.0 -D 25 …

Wolbachia Strain wAlbB Enhances Infection by the Rodent Malaria …

aem.asm.org/content/78/5/1491.full

http://www.pnas.org/content/111/52/18721.full.pdf

από GL Hughes – ‎2012 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 36 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

In many cases, Wolbachia can directly or indirectly enhance the fitness of its host (4, 11, 12, 36, 39), which … Mosquitoes somatically infected with Wolbachia by adult microinjection also exhibit this phenotype (18, 21). …. Plasmodium berghei oocyst counts from midguts of Wolbachia–infected mosquitoes. ….. No NCBI links …

Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in … – Europe PMC

europepmc.org/abstract/med/25187984 – Μετάφραση αυτής της σελίδας

από GL Hughes – ‎2014 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 10 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

Wolbachia can enhance Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes: implications for … BioEntities Biological entities annotated by the EMBL EBI and NCBI teams …

Wolbachia small noncoding RNAs and their role in cross-kingdom …

https://www.mosquitno.de/insect-repellent-family-spray

από JG Mayoral – ‎2014 – ‎Γίνεται αναφορά σε 10 – ‎Σχετικά άρθρα

30 Δεκ 2014 – the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in an im- … up-regulated in Wolbachia–infected mosquitoes positively regu- … pression Omnibus (GEO) database, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo (accession ….. The increase was consistent with … regulatory small RNAs that can affect bacterial and host gene.

Insect Repellent Family Spray – 100ml – MosquitNo

Saltidin® (20%); Aloë Vera Crème; Effective against the Aedes mosquito which transmits diseases like Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika. 100% Deet free

Mixture of olive oil and Aloe vera gel: A natural mosquito repellent and …

https://www.researchgate.net/…/308632364_Mixture_of_olive_oil_and_Aloe_vera_gel_…

06.09.2016 – Olive oil was mixed with the Aloe vera gel and sample was prepared in different concentrations. … like Dengue, Malaria, Zika virus, Arbovirus and others. …. medicinal plant Eucalyptus Leaf extracts against Anopheles.

Protect Yourself from Zika, Malaria, Dengue Fever | First Light …

http://www.firstlightorganics.com.au › Blog

http://www.mosquitoworld.net/when-mosquitoes-bite/diseases/

17.08.2016 – Protect Yourself from Zika, Malaria, Dengue Fever & other Nasty Mosquito … your family as a form of “protection” against mosquitoes may not be worth the … with soap and water and apply Synthesis Organics Aloe Herbal Gel.

Mosquito Diseases – Mosquito World

The Zika virus is typically transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, but it … dengue fever and Chikungunya, may also be capable of transmitting the Zika virus. … prevent mosquito bites as the best and only protection against the disease. … About 80 percent of those infected show no symptoms at all, according to the CDC.

Malaria – Nature Cures

http://www.naturecures.co.uk/malaria.htm

Weiter zu Zika virus – Aloe vera, coconut water, pineapple juice and radish juice (prevent … the immune system to help fight against mosquito borne infections. … During the rainy season, when malaria and dengue fever are widely …

Zika found in wild mosquitoes; US reviews Wolbachia use | CIDRAP

http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news…/05/zika-found-wild-mosquitoes-us-reviews-wolbachia-use

24.05.2016 – Zika found in wild mosquitoes; US reviews Wolbachia use … they infect people and die before people present for care for disease symptoms.

Small Things Considered: Wolbachia Infection: A Good Thing?

schaechter.asmblog.org/…/wolbachia–infection-a-good-thing.htm…

von M Youle – ‎Ähnliche Artikel

05.01.2009 – If this were the only factor, the percentage of Wolbachia–infected hosts would decrease with each generation. In the course of time, the symbiont …

Wolbachia – Eliminate Dengue

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/faqs/index/type/wolbachia

Wolbachia infected female mosquitoes do not suffer from this effect and produce normal numbers of offspring – which carry Wolbachia. Initially, this reproductive …

WerrenLab-WolbachiaBiology – University of Rochester

https://www.rochester.edu/…/WerrenLab-WolbachiaBiology.html

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15305172

Wolbachia are common intracellular bacteria that are found in arthropods and nematodes. … Males can be infected with Wolbachia but males DO NOT transmit …

Variable fitness effects of Wolbachia infection in Drosophila – NCBI

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14511562

von AJ Fry – ‎2004 – ‎Zitiert von: 146 – ‎Ähnliche Artikel

Heredity (Edinb). 2004 Oct;93(4):379-89. Variable fitness effects of Wolbachia infection in Drosophila melanogaster. Fry AJ(1), Palmer MR, Rand DM.

Wolbachia infection and the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility …

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/our-research/wolbachia

von HA Kassem – ‎2003 – ‎Zitiert von: 12 – ‎Ähnliche Artikel

Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2003 Sep;97(6):639-44. Wolbachia infection and the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility in sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from

However, it is not usually found in the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the primary species responsible for transmitting human viruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika.

For many years scientists have been studying Wolbachia, looking for ways to use it to potentially control the mosquitoes that spread human diseases.

Wolbachia

Wolbachia is a natural bacterium present in up to 60% of all the different species of insects around us, including some mosquitoes.

However, it is not usually found in the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the primary species responsible for transmitting human viruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika.

For many years scientists have been studying Wolbachia, looking for ways to use it to potentially control the mosquitoes that spread human diseases.

Our research has shown that when introduced into the Aedes aegypti mosquito, Wolbachia can stop these viruses from growing inside the mosquito and being transmitted to people. This important discovery has the potential to transform the fight against life-threatening viral diseases.

Wolbachiais safe for humans, animals and the environment. It is a naturally occurring bacterium already found in the environment in many insect species. Two independent risk assessments have been conducted, both of which gave an overall risk rating of ‘negligible’ (the lowest possible rating) for the release of mosquitoes with Wolbachia.

Alternative uses of Wolbachia

Other researchers are experimenting with Wolbachia as a means of suppressing Aedes mosquito populations. This approach involves the release of only male mosquitoes with Wolbachia. When these mosquitoes mate with wild female mosquitoes without Wolbachia, they are unable to reproduce. The technique requires the release of a large number of male mosquitoes to reduce the overall mosquito population. As with insecticides, this technique would need to be reapplied over time as the population of mosquitoes gradually returns.

In contrast to this approach, the Eliminate Dengue Program is not trying to reduce the overall number of mosquitoes. Our aim is to spread Wolbachia into wild mosquito populations to reduce the ability of these mosquitoes to transmit disease. We release a smaller number of male and female mosquitoes with Wolbachia over a number of weeks and these mosquitoes then mate with the wild mosquito population. As the bacteria is passed on from generation to generation and over time, the percentage of mosquitoes carrying Wolbachia grows until it remains high without any further releases. Mosquitoes with Wolbachia are less able to transmit viruses to people, so the risk of outbreaks in those areas is reduced.

Our research has shown that Wolbachia can sustain itself in mosquito populations without continual reapplication, which makes this method sustainable and cost-effective in the long-term. We are currently adapting our approach for use in large, urban environments and targeting a cost of US$1 per person.

MAIN EVIDENCES:

Man Made Mosquitoes- genetically engineered

But the mosquitoes that Fornitan will release into the wild this morning were bred in a laboratory. And they possess an artificial genetic modification that will be passed on during mating. That gene produces a protein called tTAV, which will ensure that the mosquitoes’ larvae will die before reaching adulthood.

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

Fighting the Most Dangerous Animal in the World

The Aedes aegypti mosquito, which carries Zika, dengue fever and other illnesses, appears unstoppable. It is posing a unique threat to this year’s Olympic Games in Rio and is rapidly spreading around the world. Europe, too, is at risk.

This man is innocent and the they want him to commit a suicide!

http://www.stopeg.com

These MALE musquitoes , which carry the pathogenic bacteria WOLBACHIA help the FEMALE ones to produce more ZIKA , dengue, malaria carrying mosquitoes, does not suppress the population of them!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

Fighting the Most Dangerous Animal in the World

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

Fighting the Most Dangerous Animal in the World

a Thai specialist on the disease, the infected Aedes aegypti is “a man-made mosquito”.

http://www.oxitec.com/faqs/what-is-wolbachia-and-are-you-working-on-this/

Wolbachia are bacteria that live within insect cells and are passed from one generation to the next through the insect’s eggs. Wolbachia is present in up to 60% of all the different species of insects. However Wolbachia is not naturally occurring in Aedes aegypti. Some academic groups have engineered Aedes aegypti strains to carry Wolbachia. The hypothesis is that Wolbachia infected Aedes aegypti are less able to transmit dengue than naturally occurring Aedes aegypti. To be effective the plan is that the Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes are released into the environment with the intention that, in time, they will replace the naturally present species. Trials are being carried out in a number of countries.

Oxitec does not work on Wolbachia infected mosquitoes.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154766/

Wolbachia – Eliminate Dengue

http://www.eliminatedengue.com/faqs/index/type/wolbachia

Diese Seite übersetzen

Wolbachia are bacteria that only live inside insect cells. This bacterium occurs naturally in up to 60 per cent of all insect species, including butterflies, dragonflies …

How a Tiny Bacterium Called Wolbachia Could Defeat Dengue …

https://www.scientificamerican.com/…/how-a-tiny-bacterium-call…

Diese Seite übersetzen

Scientists are fighting dengue fever with the help of Wolbachia, a common bacterium that stops the virus from replicating inside the mosquitoes that transmit the …

Zika virus outbreak linked to release of genetically engineered …

http://www.naturalnews.com/052824_Zika_virus_genetically_engineer…

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

01.02.2016 – The Aedes aegypti mosquito sub-species that carries both the Zika virus and dengue … Once offspring are produced, the modified, scientific facet is supposed to ….. Add men to that and you get a number close to 1.000.000.

MAIN EVIDENCES FOR MY ARTICLE

Fighting the Most Dangerous Animal in the World

This man is innocent and the they want him to commit a sacrifice !

http://www.stopeg.com

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

Fighting the Most Dangerous Animal in the World

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/aedes-aegypti-mosquito-is-world-s-most-dangerous-animal-a-1103876.html

Fighting the Most Dangerous Animal in the World

a Thai specialist on the disease, the infected Aedes aegypti is “a man-made mosquito”.